Device for fitting substrates with electric components

ABSTRACT

The inventive device comprises a positioning device ( 4 ) for a fitting head ( 14 ). The positioning device is anchored on a support ( 3 ), which is detachably fastened to a supporting body ( 2 ) of the inventive device. A control device ( 17 ) for the positioning device ( 4 ) is additionally fastened to the support. These functional parts form a completely operative functional unit, which can be separately tested, calibrated and supplied by the supporting body ( 2 ). Different supports ( 3, 23 ) for different positioning devices ( 4, 20 ) can be fastened to the supporting body ( 2 ), whereby inventive device can be optimally adapted to perform different fitting tasks.

[0001] The invention relates to a device for fitting substrates with electric components by means of at least one fitting head for handling the components.

[0002] A device of this type has been disclosed, for example, by WO 98/37744 A1. According to that document, the fitting head can be moved in a working plane by means of an X-Y positioning device. The positioning device comprises a stationary longitudinal guide and a transverse positioning arm displaceably mounted thereon, along which the fitting head is displaceably mounted. The stationary longitudinal guide is formed on a beam-like carrier, which extends along one side of the working plane. A conveying path for the substrates is led through the device. The conveying path is used in one subarea as a fitting station, in which the substrates are fixed to be fitted. The travel range covers the fitting area and the collecting points for the components, which are removed from feed devices by means of the fitting head and are placed on the substrate. In particular during placement of the components, very high requirements on the accuracy must be met.

[0003] It is usual to finish the fitting devices completely at the manufacturer and to test them. These tests include, inter alia, calibration with the determination of the offset values in the positioning of the fitting head in the various subareas of the fitting area. These offset values are stored in the control devices of the fitting device and taken into account with an appropriate correction step during each subsequent fitting operation. The control devices are normally held in a chassis of the fitting device and connected to the positioning device by cables. In the event of replacement of the positioning device or even only parts thereof, the machine has to be completely remeasured in order to redetermine the appropriate offset values. Performing such a recalibration of the device at the point of use can be associated with problems if the corresponding measuring equipment is lacking there.

[0004] DE 36 30 178 A1 discloses a fitting device in which functional units are joined together in modular fashion to form a mounting device, the functional units having their own chassis, which are clamped to one another in the manner of flanges by means of connecting elements. For example, a mounting station with its own stand and an X-Y positioning system is coupled to a transport station, the mounting station being provided with its own control electronics. Modern fitting technology with extremely high performance rates and extremely high accuracy requirements assumes a particularly dimensionally rigid and low-oscillation supporting construction, which cannot be achieved with the individual modules erected on the floor, whose oscillatory behavior additionally remains undefined.

[0005] The invention is based on the object of reducing the effort on manufacture, testing and calibration.

[0006] This object is achieved by the invention as claimed in claim 1. By separating the chassis into a simple supporting body and the self-supporting carrier for the positioning device, it is possible to manufacture, to test and to supply the carrier separately from the chassis. The carrier here represents the actual robot, which is fully serviceable on its own. This makes it possible, for example in the event of damage to the positioning device, to remove this in the short term with the carrier and to replace it by a new fully serviceable, calibrated and tested functional unit.

[0007] As a result of the logical separation of supporting body and functional unit, it is possible to test and calibrate all the functional units in a testing device without it being necessary to transport the supporting body into these rooms, which means that the entire sequence is simplified. The defined supporting points of the chassis are simulated in the testing device, so that the test results can readily be transferred to the fitting device. Assigning the data carrier to the functional unit ensures that the characteristic data cannot be confused with those from other functional units.

[0008] It is also possible to transport the supporting body and the functional unit separately. For example, the chassis can be transported to the point of use in advance on the land or sea route, can be erected there and anchored. The expensive functional unit with the carrier and the positioning device and the fitting head is so light that it can subsequently be supplied in a short time, for example by aircraft, and can be installed.

[0009] Advantageous developments of the invention are identified in the subclaims:

[0010] The delivery unit as claimed in claim 2 ensures complete integration of the individual components, which is provided in particular by the permanent assignment of the data carrier to the control unit as claimed in claim 3.

[0011] By means of the development as claimed in claim 4, the functional unit becomes a completely autonomous module, to which only the supply lines then have to be connected.

[0012] The development as claimed in claim 5 makes it possible to mount different fitting heads on the positioning arm without the positioning unit having to be recalibrated.

[0013] The plate-like carrier as claimed in claim 6 represents a large-area mounting platform for the positioning device. As a result of the two-dimensional extent and as a result of the support, oscillations caused by the travel movement of the fitting head are kept small. In addition, the arrangement above the fitting station results in short, flexurally rigid lever arms. The plate-like design of the carrier as claimed in claims 7 and 8 permits the arrangement of one or more positioning device in a different configuration, so that the functional unit can be adapted optimally to the respective intended use.

[0014] According to claim 9, however, it is also possible to insert different functional units with different positioning devices and different supports matched thereto into the supporting body.

[0015] The developments as claimed in claims 10 and 11 permit high positioning accuracy and short travel paths with short displacement paths of the fitting head.

[0016] The arrangement as claimed in claim 12 makes it possible to make access to both feed sides with one positioning device. In this case, the center of the guides is located above the fitting station, which increases the fitting accuracy. It is possible to provide two fitting stations each having a positioning device in the conveying path. Accordingly, feed devices for the components are arranged on both sides of both fitting stations, so that the multiplicity of components provided is increased accordingly.

[0017] The development as claimed in claim 13 means that the fitting performance can be increased, by the two fitting heads alternately picking up components at the collecting point and placing them on the substrate. Here, too, an additional fitting station with additional components can be provided.

[0018] As a result of the development as claimed in claim 14, a supporting plane for the carrier is provided which, in one setting of a milling device, for example, can be machined on the supporting body or on the carrier. A precise association between the positioning device and the substrate is achieved in use by the position of centering marks on the substrate being measured by means of a camera fitted to the fitting head and being taken into account accordingly during the fitting operation. The feed devices for the components likewise have centering marks, which are measured in a similar way. As a result, following the installation of the carrier in the supporting body, no further centering measures are needed.

[0019] The invention will be explained in more detail in the following text using exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing, in which:

[0020]FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a device for fitting substrates with electric components,

[0021]FIG. 2 shows a partial section through the device according to FIG. 1,

[0022]FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the parts according to FIG. 2,

[0023]FIG. 4 shows a partial section through a modified device according to FIG. 1,

[0024]FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the parts according to FIG. 4.

[0025] According to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a chassis 1 of a device for fitting substrates 6 with electric components 15 comprises a cast supporting body 2 and a plate-like carrier 3 which is fixed thereto and on which an X-Y positioning device 4 is mounted. Above the supporting body 2, a conveying path 5 for the substrates 6 is led through the device, it being possible for said substrates 6 to be fitted with the components in fitting stations 7 belonging to the conveying path 5.

[0026] In plan view, the supporting body 2 has a cross-like structure, in which a main leg extends parallel to the conveying path 5 and underneath the latter. A central leg extends transversely with respect to the transport direction in the central area of the main leg. Cast at its ends are wall-like central supports 8 projecting upward for the carrier 3. Provided at the ends of the main legs are end walls 9 attached in one piece, which are widened above the supporting body 2 to form end supports 10 for the carrier 3. In the corner regions between the legs of the supporting body 2 there are arranged spaces for feed devices 11 for the components to be fitted. The upper sides of the feed devices 11 are located at the same vertical level as the substrate 6.

[0027] The plate-like carrier 3 is arranged at a distance above the conveying path 5. Mounted on its underside is the positioning device 4, which comprises a longitudinal guide 12 which is fixed to the underside of the carrier 3 and extends in the conveying direction and a positioning arm 13 which is transverse thereto and is displaceably mounted in the longitudinal guide 12. The latter is provided with magnetic parts, for example, which, together with a coil part belonging to the positioning arm 13, form a linear motor which drives the positioning arm.

[0028] On the underside of the positioning arm 13, a turret-like fitting head 14 is displaceably mounted, using which the components 15 can be transported from collecting stations 16 of the feed devices 11 to their placement locations on the substrate. The central supports 8 are so wide and flexurally rigid in the conveying direction that they effectively prevent oscillations caused by the movement of the positioning arm. Pulses triggered in the transverse direction by the movement of the fitting head are effectively prevented by the end supports. In order to achieve the greatest possible fitting performance, it is expedient to allocate a dedicated positioning device 4 for each fitting station.

[0029] Provided on the upper side of the carrier 3 are spaces for auxiliary devices, for example in the form of a control device 17 and a display 18. The supporting body 2 is formed as a cast hollow body, through whose main leg an additional transport path 19 for the substrates 6 is led. This conveying path is used, for example, to lock substrates past the fitting stations. The cavities in the central secondary legs can, for example, be used for the purpose of accommodating power supply units, pneumatic equipment or further control devices.

[0030] The device according to FIGS. 4 and 5 differs from that according to FIGS. 2 and 3 in the arrangement of the positioning axes. The modified longitudinal guides 21 here extend transversely with respect to the conveying direction of the substrates over each of the fitting stations and are fixed to a modified carrier 23 reinforced by ribs. Two modified positioning arms 22 each having one of the fitting heads 14 can be moved on the longitudinal guide 21. These form two positioning devices 20, which can alternately collect components and place them on the substrate, as a result of which the fitting performance is considerably increased. The end walls 10 are provided with supporting points 24 lying in one plane for the defined support of the carrier 23. 

1. A device for fitting substrates (6) with electric components (15) by means of at least one fitting head (14) for handling the components (15), it being possible for the fitting head (14) to be moved in two coordinate directions by means of at least one positioning device (4, 20), stationary parts of the positioning device (4, 20) being anchored to a chassis (1) of the device, characterized in that the chassis (1) comprises a substantially passive supporting body (2) and at least one self-supporting carrier (3, 23) which is detachably fixed thereto and to which the stationary parts of the positioning device (4, 20) are fixed, in that the supporting body has defined supporting points (24) for the carrier (3, 23) in that the dimensionally rigid carrier (3, 23) with the positioning device (4, 20) is designed as a largely autonomous functional unit, in that the functional unit tested outside the supporting body (2) in an auxiliary device is assigned a data carrier with the characteristic data of the functional unit.
 2. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the data carrier and the functional unit can be combined into a common delivery unit.
 3. The device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the data carrier is part of a control device (17) for the positioning device (4, 20).
 4. The device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the control device (17) can be fixed to the carrier (3) and, together with the latter and with the positioning device (4), forms a complete mounting unit.
 5. The device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that different fitting heads can be attached to the positioning device (4, 20), and in that the fitting heads are provided with a memory for head-specific characteristic data.
 6. The device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate-like carrier is arranged above at least one fitting station (7) for the substrates (6), and in that the supporting body (2) is provided, at the side of the travel area of the positioning device, with upwardly projecting supports (8, 10) for the carrier (3, 23), and in that the positioning device (4, 20) is arranged on the underside of the carrier (3, 23).
 7. The device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that different positioning devices (4, 20) can be fixed to the carrier (3, 20).
 8. The device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the positioning devices (4, 20) can be fixed to the carrier (3, 23) in a different configuration.
 9. The device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for different positioning devices (4, 20), different carriers (3, 23) can be fixed to the supporting body (2).
 10. The device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the positioning device (4, 20) has a longitudinal guide (12, 21) fixed to the carrier (3, 23) and at least one transverse positioning arm (13, 22) displaceably mounted on the latter and on which the fitting head (14) is displaceably mounted.
 11. The device as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that the fitting station (7) lies in a conveying path (5) for the substrates (6), and in that at the side of the transport path, spaces for feed devices (11) for the components (15) are provided.
 12. The device as claimed in claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the longitudinal guide (12) extends centrally over the conveying path (5), parallel to the latter, and in that the positioning arm (13) projects on both sides until beyond collecting spaces (16) of the two feed devices (11).
 13. The device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the longitudinal guide (21) extends over the fitting station (7) and transversely with respect to the conveying path (5), and in that two positioning arms (22) which can be moved independently of each other can be moved on the longitudinal guide (21).
 14. The device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting points (24) for supporting the carrier (3, 23) on the supporting body (2) are formed by horizontal supporting surfaces, which all lie in one plane. 